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International conference organized by "JurInfoR-MSU" Institute for Contemporary Education, “JurInfoR” center, the Criminalists and Criminologists’ Union (Moscow), and the U.S. Department of Justice, 20-21 May, 1997, Moscow

On combating new types of economic crimes in Russia and the United States

Crimes in the Field of Economic Activities (as addressed in the 1996 Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)

Lev Davidovich Gaukhman

In the 1996 Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as compared with the 1960 Criminal Code of the RSFSR, the greatest changes affect the norms in Chapter 22 (“Crimes in the Field of Economic Activities”), formerly contained in Chapter VI “Economic Crimes”. The new Criminal Code decriminalizes 15 of such crimes and criminalizes 17. Based on the similarity/dissimilarity of subjects affected, such crimes are classified into the following subgroups:

I. Crimes against social relations regarding the interests of economic activities in the financial field. The group is subdivided into the following subgroups:

1) crimes affecting the financial field as related to tax and customs duty revenues to the budget;

2) crimes affecting the financial field as related to circulation of money, securities, credit cards and payment cards, other payment documents, precious metals, jewels, or pearls;

3) crimes affecting the financial field as related to crediting.

II. Crimes against social relations regarding the interests of economic activities in the field of business operations. This group is subdivided into the following subgroups:

1) crimes affecting social relations regarding the interests of State authority, public service, and local self-government service;

2) crimes affecting the field of business activities only.

III. Crimes against social relations regarding the interests of economic activities in the field of distribution of material and other values. These are subdivided into the following subgroups:

1) crimes affecting distribution and social relations of ownership;

2) crimes affecting the field of distribution only.

IV. Crimes against social relations regarding the interests of economic activities in the field of consumption of material and other values.

V. Crimes against social relations regarding external economic activities.

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